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अष्टाध्यायी - व्याख्या
अध्याय ५ - उपध्याय ३
Introduction
This is the fifth chapter/third subchapter out of eight chapters/thirty-two subchapters अष्टाध्यायी consists of.
This work was written by the greatest Sanskrit grammarian of all time: Pāṇini, who lived about 500BCE in India.
This अष्टाध्यायी contains the entire set of rules controlling Sanskrit grammar. It is required reading for all Sanskrit scholars and also for those who want to go deep at Sanskrit grammar.
Now read अष्टाध्यायी and experience Supreme Delight.
Important: All that is in brackets and italicized within the translation has been added by me in order to complete the sense of a particular phrase or sentence. In turn, all that is between double hyphen (--...--) constitutes clarifying further information also added by me.
Aphorisms 1-10
५.३.१ प्राग्दिशो विभक्तिः।
5.3.1 Prāgdiśo vibhaktiḥ|
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५.३.२ किंसर्वनामबहुभ्योऽद्व्यादिभ्यः।
5.3.2 Kiṁsarvanāmabahubhyo'dvyādibhyaḥ|
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५.३.३ इदम इश्।
5.3.3 Idama iś|
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५.३.४ एतेतौ रथोः।
5.3.4 Etetau rathoḥ|
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५.३.५ एतदोऽश्।
5.3.5 Etado'ś|
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५.३.६ सर्वस्य सोऽन्यतरस्यां दि।
5.3.6 Sarvasya so'nyatarasyāṁ di|
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५.३.७ पञ्चम्यास्तसिल्।
5.3.7 Pañcamyāstasil|
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५.३.८ तसेश्च।
5.3.8 Taseśca|
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५.३.९ पर्यभिभ्यां च।
5.3.9 Paryabhibhyāṁ ca|
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५.३.१० सप्तम्यास्त्रल्।
5.3.10 Saptamyāstral|
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Aphorisms 11-20
५.३.११ इदमो हः।
5.3.11 Idamo haḥ|
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५.३.१२ किमोऽत्।
5.3.12 Kimo't|
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५.३.१३ वा ह च च्छन्दसि।
5.3.13 Vā ha ca cchandasi|
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५.३.१४ इतराभ्योऽपि दृश्यन्ते।
5.3.14 Itarābhyo'pi dṛśyante|
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५.३.१५ सर्वैकान्यकिंयत्तदः काले दा।
5.3.15 Sarvaikānyakiṁyattadaḥ kāle dā|
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५.३.१६ इदमो र्हिल्।
5.3.16 Idamo rhil|
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५.३.१७ अधुना।
5.3.17 Adhunā|
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५.३.१८ दानीं च।
5.3.18 Dānīṁ ca|
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५.३.१९ तदो दा च।
5.3.19 Tado dā ca|
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५.३.२० तयोर्दार्हिलौ च च्छन्दसि।
5.3.20 Tayordārhilau ca cchandasi|
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Aphorisms 21-30
५.३.२१ अनद्यतने र्हिलन्यतरस्याम्।
5.3.21 Anadyatane rhilanyatarasyām|
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५.३.२२ सद्यःपरुत्परार्यैषमःपरेद्यव्यद्यपूर्वेद्युरन्येद्युरन्यतरेद्युरितरेद्युरपरेद्युरधरेद्युरुभयेद्युरुत्तरेद्युः।
5.3.22 Sadyaḥparutparāryaiṣamaḥparedyavyadyapūrvedyuranyedyuranyataredyuritaredyuraparedyuradharedyurubhayedyuruttaredyuḥ|
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५.३.२३ प्रकारवचने थाल्।
5.3.23 Prakāravacane thāl|
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५.३.२४ इदमस्थमुः।
5.3.24 Idamasthamuḥ|
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५.३.२५ किमश्च।
5.3.25 Kimaśca|
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५.३.२६ था हेतौ च च्छन्दसि।
5.3.26 Thā hetau ca cchandasi|
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५.३.२७ दिक्शब्देभ्यः सप्तमीपञ्चमीप्रथमाभ्यो दिग्देशकालेष्वस्तातिः।
5.3.27 Dikśabdebhyaḥ saptamīpañcamīprathamābhyo digdeśakāleṣvastātiḥ|
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५.३.२८ दक्षिणोत्तराभ्यामतसुच्।
5.3.28 Dakṣiṇottarābhyāmatasuc|
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५.३.२९ विभाषा परावराभ्याम्।
5.3.29 Vibhāṣā parāvarābhyām|
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५.३.३० अञ्चेर्लुक्।
5.3.30 Añcerluk|
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Aphorisms 31-40
५.३.३१ उपर्युपरिष्टात्।
5.3.31 Uparyupariṣṭāt|
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५.३.३२ पश्चात्।
5.3.32 Paścāt|
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५.३.३३ पश्च पश्चा च च्छन्दसि।
5.3.33 Paśca paścā ca cchandasi|
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५.३.३४ उत्तराधरदक्षिणादातिः।
5.3.34 Uttarādharadakṣiṇādātiḥ|
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५.३.३५ एनबन्यतरस्यामदूरेऽपञ्चम्याः।
5.3.35 Enabanyatarasyāmadūre'pañcamyāḥ|
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५.३.३६ दक्षिणादाच्।
5.3.36 Dakṣiṇādāc|
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५.३.३७ आहि च दूरे।
5.3.37 Āhi ca dūre|
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५.३.३८ उत्तराच्च।
5.3.38 Uttarācca|
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५.३.३९ पूर्वाधरावराणामसि पुरधवश्चैषाम्।
5.3.39 Pūrvādharāvarāṇāmasi puradhavaścaiṣām|
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५.३.४० अस्ताति च।
5.3.40 Astāti ca|
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Aphorisms 41-50
५.३.४१ विभाषाऽवरस्य।
5.3.41 Vibhāṣā'varasya|
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५.३.४२ सङ्ख्याया विधाऽर्थे धा।
5.3.42 Saṅkhyāyā vidhā'rthe dhā|
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५.३.४३ अधिकरणविचाले च।
5.3.43 Adhikaraṇavicāle ca|
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५.३.४४ एकाद्धो ध्यमुञन्यारयाम्।
5.3.44 Ekāddho dhyamuñanyārayām|
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५.३.४५ द्वित्र्योश्च धमुञ्।
5.3.45 Dvitryośca dhamuñ|
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५.३.४६ एधाच्च।
5.3.46 Edhācca|
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५.३.४७ याप्ये पाशप्।
5.3.47 Yāpye pāśap|
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५.३.४८ पूरणाद्भागे तीयादन्।
5.3.48 Pūraṇādbhāge tīyādan|
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५.३.४९ प्रागेकादशभ्योऽच्छन्दसि।
5.3.49 Prāgekādaśabhyo'cchandasi|
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५.३.५० षष्ठाष्टमाभ्यां ञ च।
5.3.50 Ṣaṣṭhāṣṭamābhyāṁ ña ca|
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Aphorisms 51-60
५.३.५१ मानपश्वङ्गयोः कन्लुकौ च।
5.3.51 Mānapaśvaṅgayoḥ kanlukau ca|
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५.३.५२ एकादाकिनिच्चासहाये।
5.3.52 Ekādākiniccāsahāye|
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५.३.५३ भूतपूर्वे चरट्।
5.3.53 Bhūtapūrve caraṭ|
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५.३.५४ षष्ठ्या रूप्य च।
5.3.54 Ṣaṣṭhyā rūpya ca|
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५.३.५५ अतिशायने तमबिष्ठनौ।
5.3.55 Atiśāyane tamabiṣṭhanau|
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५.३.५६ तिङश्च।
5.3.56 Tiṅaśca|
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५.३.५७ द्विवचनविभज्योपपदे तरबीयसुनौ।
5.3.57 Dvivacanavibhajyopapade tarabīyasunau|
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५.३.५८ अजादी गुणवचनादेव।
5.3.58 Ajādī guṇavacanādeva|
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५.३.५९ तुश्छन्दसि।
5.3.59 Tuśchandasi|
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५.३.६० प्रशस्यस्य श्रः।
5.3.60 Praśasyasya śraḥ|
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Aphorisms 61-70
५.३.६१ ज्य च।
5.3.61 Jya ca|
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५.३.६२ वृद्धस्य च।
5.3.62 Vṛddhasya ca|
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५.३.६३ अन्तिकबाढयोर्नेदसाधौ।
5.3.63 Antikabāḍhayornedasādhau|
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५.३.६४ युवाल्पयोः कनन्यतरस्याम्।
5.3.64 Yuvālpayoḥ kananyatarasyām|
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५.३.६५ विन्मतोर्लुक्।
5.3.65 Vinmatorluk|
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५.३.६६ प्रशंसायां रूपप्।
5.3.66 Praśaṁsāyāṁ rūpap|
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५.३.६७ ईषदसमाप्तौ कल्पब्देश्यदेशीयरः।
5.3.67 Īṣadasamāptau kalpabdeśyadeśīyaraḥ|
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५.३.६८ विभाषा सुपो बहुच् पुरस्तात्तु।
5.3.68 Vibhāṣā supo bahuc purastāttu|
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५.३.६९ प्रकारवचने जातीयर्।
5.3.69 Prakāravacane jātīyar|
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५.३.७० प्रागिवात्कः।
5.3.70 Prāgivātkaḥ|
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Aphorisms 71-80
५.३.७१ अव्ययसर्वनाम्नामकच् प्राक् टेः।
5.3.71 Avyayasarvanāmnāmakac prāk ṭeḥ|
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५.३.७२ कस्य च दः।
5.3.72 Kasya ca daḥ|
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५.३.७३ अज्ञाते।
5.3.73 Ajñāte|
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५.३.७४ कुत्सिते।
5.3.74 Kutsite|
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५.३.७५ सञ्ज्ञायां कन्।
5.3.75 Sañjñāyāṁ kan|
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५.३.७६ अनुकम्पायाम्।
5.3.76 Anukampāyām|
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५.३.७७ नीतौ च तद्युक्तात्।
5.3.77 Nītau ca tadyuktāt|
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५.३.७८ बह्वचो मनुष्यनाम्नष्ठज्वा।
5.3.78 Bahvaco manuṣyanāmnaṣṭhajvā|
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५.३.७९ घनिलचौ च।
5.3.79 Ghanilacau ca|
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५.३.८० प्राचामुपादेरडज्वुचौ च।
5.3.80 Prācāmupāderaḍajvucau ca|
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Aphorisms 81-90
५.३.८१ जातिनाम्नः कन्।
5.3.81 Jātināmnaḥ kan|
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५.३.८२ अजिनान्तस्योत्तरपदलोपश्च।
5.3.82 Ajināntasyottarapadalopaśca|
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५.३.८३ ठाजादावूर्ध्वं द्वितीयादचः।
5.3.83 Ṭhājādāvūrdhvaṁ dvitīyādacaḥ|
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५.३.८४ शेवलसुपरिविशालवरुणार्यमादीनां तृतीयात्।
5.3.84 Śevalasupariviśālavaruṇāryamādīnāṁ tṛtīyāt|
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५.३.८५ अल्पे।
5.3.85 Alpe|
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५.३.८६ ह्रस्वे।
5.3.86 Hrasve|
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५.३.८७ सञ्ज्ञायां कन्।
5.3.87 Sañjñāyāṁ kan|
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५.३.८८ कुटीशमीशुण्डाभ्यो रः।
5.3.88 Kuṭīśamīśuṇḍābhyo raḥ|
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५.३.८९ कुत्वा डुपच्।
5.3.89 Kutvā ḍupac|
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५.३.९० कासूगोणीभ्यां ष्टरच्।
5.3.90 Kāsūgoṇībhyāṁ ṣṭarac|
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Aphorisms 91-100
५.३.९१ वत्सोक्षाश्वर्षभेभ्यश्च तनुत्वे।
5.3.91 Vatsokṣāśvarṣabhebhyaśca tanutve|
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५.३.९२ किंयत्तदो निर्द्धारणे द्वयोरेकस्य डतरच्।
5.3.92 Kiṁyattado nirddhāraṇe dvayorekasya ḍatarac|
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५.३.९३ वा बहूनां जातिपरिप्रश्ने डतमच्।
5.3.93 Vā bahūnāṁ jātiparipraśne ḍatamac|
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५.३.९४ एकाच्च प्राचाम्।
5.3.94 Ekācca prācām|
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५.३.९५ अवक्षेपणे कन्।
5.3.95 Avakṣepaṇe kan|
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५.३.९६ इवे प्रतिकृतौ।
5.3.96 Ive pratikṛtau|
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५.३.९७ सञ्ज्ञायां च।
5.3.97 Sañjñāyāṁ ca|
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५.३.९८ लुम्मनुष्ये।
5.3.98 Lummanuṣye|
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५.३.९९ जीविकाऽर्थे चापण्ये।
5.3.99 Jīvikā'rthe cāpaṇye|
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५.३.१०० देवपथादिभ्यश्च।
5.3.100 Devapathādibhyaśca|
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Aphorisms 101-110
५.३.१०१ वस्तेर्ढञ्।
5.3.101 Vasterḍhañ|
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५.३.१०२ शिलाया ढः।
5.3.102 Śilāyā ḍhaḥ|
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५.३.१०३ शाखाऽऽदिभ्यो यत्।
5.3.103 Śākhā''dibhyo yat|
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५.३.१०४ द्रव्यं च भव्ये।
5.3.104 Dravyaṁ ca bhavye|
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५.३.१०५ कुशाग्राच्छः।
5.3.105 Kuśāgrācchaḥ|
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५.३.१०६ समासाच्च तद्विषयात्।
5.3.106 Samāsācca tadviṣayāt|
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५.३.१०७ शर्कराऽऽदिभ्योऽण्।
5.3.107 Śarkarā''dibhyo'ṇ|
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५.३.१०८ अङ्गुल्यादिभ्यष्ठक्।
5.3.108 Aṅgulyādibhyaṣṭhak|
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५.३.१०९ एकशालायाष्ठजन्यतरस्याम्।
5.3.109 Ekaśālāyāṣṭhajanyatarasyām|
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५.३.११० कर्कलोहितादीकक्।
5.3.110 Karkalohitādīkak|
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Aphorisms 111-119
५.३.१११ प्रत्नपूर्वविश्वेमात्थाल् छन्दसि।
5.3.111 Pratnapūrvaviśvemātthāl chandasi|
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५.३.११२ पूगाञ्ञ्योऽग्रामणीपूर्वात्।
5.3.112 Pūgāññyo'grāmaṇīpūrvāt|
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५.३.११३ व्रातच्फञोरस्त्रियाम्।
5.3.113 Vrātacphañorastriyām|
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५.३.११४ आयुधजीविसङ्घाञ्ञ्यड्वाहीकेष्वब्राह्मणराजन्यात्।
5.3.114 Āyudhajīvisaṅghāññyaḍvāhīkeṣvabrāhmaṇarājanyāt|
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५.३.११५ वृकाट्टेण्यण्।
5.3.115 Vṛkāṭṭeṇyaṇ|
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५.३.११६ दामन्यादित्रिगर्तषष्ठाच्छः।
5.3.116 Dāmanyāditrigartaṣaṣṭhācchaḥ|
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५.३.११७ पर्श्वादियौधेयादिभ्यामणञौ।
5.3.117 Parśvādiyaudheyādibhyāmaṇañau|
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५.३.११८ अभिजिद्विदभृच्छालावच्छिखावच्छमीवदूर्णावच्छ्रुमदणो यञ्।
5.3.118 Abhijidvidabhṛcchālāvacchikhāvacchamīvadūrṇāvacchrumadaṇo yañ|
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५.३.११९ ञ्यादयस्तद्राजाः।
5.3.119 Ñyādayastadrājāḥ|
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EXPLANATION IS IN PROGRESS WITH NO POLISHING YET
Further Information
This document was conceived by Gabriel Pradīpaka, one of the two founders of this site, and spiritual guru conversant with Sanskrit language and Trika philosophy.
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