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अष्टाध्यायी - व्याख्या
अध्याय १ - उपध्याय ३
Introduction
This is the first chapter/third subchapter out of eight chapters/thirty-two subchapters अष्टाध्यायी consists of.
This work was written by the greatest Sanskrit grammarian of all time: Pāṇini, who lived about 500BCE in India.
This अष्टाध्यायी contains the entire set of rules controlling Sanskrit grammar. It is required reading for all Sanskrit scholars and also for those who want to go deep at Sanskrit grammar.
Now read अष्टाध्यायी and experience Supreme Delight.
Important: All that is in brackets and italicized within the translation has been added by me in order to complete the sense of a particular phrase or sentence. In turn, all that is between double hyphen (--...--) constitutes clarifying further information also added by me.
Aphorisms 1-10
१.३.१ भूवादयो धातवः।
1.3.1 Bhūvādayo dhātavaḥ|
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१.३.२ उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्।
1.3.2 Upadeśe'janunāsika it|
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१.३.३ हलन्त्यम्।
1.3.3 Halantyam|
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१.३.४ न विभक्तौ तुस्माः।
1.3.4 Na vibhaktau tusmāḥ|
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१.३.५ आदिर्ञिटुडवः।
1.3.5 Ādirñiṭuḍavaḥ|
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१.३.६ षः प्रत्ययस्य।
1.3.6 Ṣaḥ pratyayasya|
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१.३.७ चुटू।
1.3.7 Cuṭū|
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१.३.८ लशक्वतद्धिते।
1.3.8 Laśakvataddhite|
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१.३.९ तस्य लोपः।
1.3.9 Tasya lopaḥ|
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१.३.१० यथासङ्ख्यम् अनुदेशः समानाम्।
1.3.10 Yathāsaṅkhyam anudeśaḥ samānām|
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Aphorisms 11-20
१.३.११ स्वरितेनाधिकारः।
1.3.11 Svaritenādhikāraḥ|
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१.३.१२ अनुदात्तङित आत्मनेपदम्।
1.3.12 Anudāttaṅita ātmanepadam|
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१.३.१३ भावकर्मणोः।
1.3.13 Bhāvakarmaṇoḥ|
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१.३.१४ कर्तरि कर्मव्यतिहारे।
1.3.14 Kartari karmavyatihāre|
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१.३.१५ न गतिहिंसार्थेभ्यः।
1.3.15 Na gatihiṁsārthebhyaḥ|
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१.३.१६ इतरेतरान्योन्योपपदाच्च।
1.3.16 Itaretarānyonyopapadācca|
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१.३.१७ नेर्विशः।
1.3.17 Nerviśaḥ|
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१.३.१८ परिव्यवेभ्यः क्रियः।
1.3.18 Parivyavebhyaḥ kriyaḥ|
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१.३.१९ विपराभ्यां जेः।
1.3.19 Viparābhyāṁ jeḥ|
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१.३.२० आङो दोऽनास्यविहरणे।
1.3.20 Āṅo do'nāsyaviharaṇe|
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Aphorisms 21-30
१.३.२१ क्रीडोऽनुसम्परिभ्यश्च।
1.3.21 Krīḍo'nusamparibhyaśca|
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१.३.२२ समवप्रविभ्यः स्थः।
1.3.22 Samavapravibhyaḥ sthaḥ|
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१.३.२३ प्रकाशनस्थेयाख्ययोश्च।
1.3.23 Prakāśanastheyākhyayośca|
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१.३.२४ उदोऽनूर्द्ध्वकर्मणि।
1.3.24 Udo'nūrddhvakarmaṇi|
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१.३.२५ उपान्मन्त्रकरणे।
1.3.25 Upānmantrakaraṇe|
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१.३.२६ अकर्मकाच्च।
1.3.26 Akarmakācca|
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१.३.२७ उद्विभ्यां तपः।
1.3.27 Udvibhyāṁ tapaḥ|
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१.३.२८ आङो यमहनः।
1.3.28 Āṅo yamahanaḥ|
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१.३.२९ समो गम्यृच्छिप्रच्छिस्वरत्यर्तिश्रुविदिभ्यः।
1.3.29 Samo gamyṛcchipracchisvaratyartiśruvidibhyaḥ|
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१.३.३० निसमुपविभ्यो ह्वः।
1.3.30 Nisamupavibhyo hvaḥ|
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Aphorisms 31-40
१.३.३१ स्पर्द्धायामाङः।
1.3.31 Sparddhāyāmāṅaḥ|
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१.३.३२ गन्धनावक्षेपणसेवनसाहसिक्यप्रतियत्नप्रकथनोपयोगेषु कृञः।
1.3.32 Gandhanāvakṣepaṇasevanasāhasikyapratiyatnaprakathanopayogeṣu kṛñaḥ|
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१.३.३३ अधेः प्रसहने।
1.3.33 Adheḥ prasahane|
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१.३.३४ वेः शब्दकर्मणः।
1.3.34 Veḥ śabdakarmaṇaḥ|
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१.३.३५ अकर्मकाच्च।
1.3.35 Akarmakācca|
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१.३.३६ सम्माननोत्सञ्जनाचार्यकरणज्ञानभृतिविगणनव्ययेषु नियः।
1.3.36 Sammānanotsañjanācāryakaraṇajñānabhṛtivigaṇanavyayeṣu niyaḥ|
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१.३.३७ कर्तृस्थे चाशरीरे कर्मणि।
1.3.37 Kartṛsthe cāśarīre karmaṇi|
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१.३.३८ वृत्तिसर्गतायनेषु क्रमः।
1.3.38 Vṛttisargatāyaneṣu kramaḥ|
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१.३.३९ उपपराभ्याम्।
1.3.39 Upaparābhyām|
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१.३.४० आङ उद्गमने।
1.3.40 Āṅa udgamane|
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Aphorisms 41-50
१.३.४१ वेः पादविहरणे।
1.3.41 Veḥ pādaviharaṇe|
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१.३.४२ प्रोपाभ्यां समर्थाभ्याम्।
1.3.42 Propābhyāṁ samarthābhyām|
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१.३.४३ अनुपसर्गाद्वा।
1.3.43 Anupasargādvā|
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१.३.४४ अपह्नवे ज्ञः।
1.3.44 Apahnave jñaḥ|
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१.३.४५ अकर्मकाच्च।
1.3.45 Akarmakācca|
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१.३.४६ सम्प्रतिभ्यामनाध्याने।
1.3.46 Sampratibhyāmanādhyāne|
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१.३.४७ भासनोपसम्भाषाज्ञानयत्नविमत्युपमन्त्रणेषु वदः।
1.3.47 Bhāsanopasambhāṣājñānayatnavimatyupamantraṇeṣu vadaḥ|
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१.३.४८ व्यक्तवाचां समुच्चारणे।
1.3.48 Vyaktavācāṁ samuccāraṇe|
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१.३.४९ अनोरकर्मकात्।
1.3.49 Anorakarmakāt|
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१.३.५० विभाषा विप्रलापे।
1.3.50 Vibhāṣā vipralāpe|
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Aphorisms 51-60
१.३.५१ अवाद्ग्रः।
1.3.51 Avādgraḥ|
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१.३.५२ समः प्रतिज्ञाने।
1.3.52 Samaḥ pratijñāne|
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१.३.५३ उदश्चरः सकर्मकात्।
1.3.53 Udaścaraḥ sakarmakāt|
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१.३.५४ समस्तृतीयायुक्तात्।
1.3.54 Samastṛtīyāyuktāt|
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१.३.५५ दाणश्च सा चेच्चतुर्थ्यर्थे।
1.3.55 Dāṇaśca sā ceccaturthyarthe|
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१.३.५६ उपाद्यमः स्वकरणे।
1.3.56 Upādyamaḥ svakaraṇe|
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१.३.५७ ज्ञाश्रुस्मृदृशां सनः।
1.3.57 Jñāśrusmṛdṛśāṁ sanaḥ|
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१.३.५८ नानोर्ज्ञः।
1.3.58 Nānorjñaḥ|
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१.३.५९ प्रत्याङ्भ्यां श्रुवः।
1.3.59 Pratyāṅbhyāṁ śruvaḥ|
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१.३.६० शदेः शितः।
1.3.60 Śadeḥ śitaḥ|
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Aphorisms 61-70
१.३.६१ म्रियतेर्लुङ्लिङोश्च।
1.3.61 Mriyaterluṅliṅośca|
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१.३.६२ पूर्ववत् सनः।
1.3.62 Pūrvavat sanaḥ|
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१.३.६३ आम्प्रत्ययवत् कृञोऽनुप्रयोगस्य।
1.3.63 Āmpratyayavat kṛño'nuprayogasya|
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१.३.६४ प्रोपाभ्यां युजेरयज्ञपात्रेषु।
1.3.64 Propābhyāṁ yujerayajñapātreṣu|
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१.३.६५ समः क्ष्णुवः।
1.3.65 Samaḥ kṣṇuvaḥ|
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१.३.६६ भुजोऽनवने।
1.3.66 Bhujo'navane|
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१.३.६७ णेरणौ यत् कर्म णौ चेत् स कर्ताऽनाध्याने।
1.3.67 Ṇeraṇau yat karma ṇau cet sa kartā'nādhyāne|
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१.३.६८ भीस्म्योर्हेतुभये।
1.3.68 Bhīsmyorhetubhaye|
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१.३.६९ गृधिवञ्च्योः प्रलम्भने।
1.3.69 Gṛdhivañcyoḥ pralambhane|
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१.३.७० लियः सम्माननशालिनीकरणयोश्च।
1.3.70 Liyaḥ sammānanaśālinīkaraṇayośca|
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Aphorisms 71-80
१.३.७१ मिथ्योपपदात् कृञोऽभ्यासे।
1.3.71 Mithyopapadāt kṛño'bhyāse|
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१.३.७२ स्वरितञितः कर्त्रभिप्राये क्रियाफले।
1.3.72 Svaritañitaḥ kartrabhiprāye kriyāphale|
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१.३.७३ अपाद्वदः।
1.3.73 Apādvadaḥ|
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१.३.७४ णिचश्च।
1.3.74 Ṇicaśca|
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१.३.७५ समुदाङ्भ्यो यमोऽग्रन्थे।
1.3.75 Samudāṅbhyo yamo'granthe|
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१.३.७६ अनुपसर्गाज्ज्ञः।
1.3.76 Anupasargājjñaḥ|
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१.३.७७ विभाषोपपदेन प्रतीयमाने।
1.3.77 Vibhāṣopapadena pratīyamāne|
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१.३.७८ शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्।
1.3.78 Śeṣāt kartari parasmaipadam|
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१.३.७९ अनुपराभ्यां कृञः।
1.3.79 Anuparābhyāṁ kṛñaḥ|
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१.३.८० अभिप्रत्यतिभ्यः क्षिपः।
1.3.80 Abhipratyatibhyaḥ kṣipaḥ|
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Aphorisms 81-90
१.३.८१ प्राद्वहः।
1.3.81 Prādvahaḥ|
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१.३.८२ परेर्मृषः।
1.3.82 Parermṛṣaḥ|
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१.३.८३ व्याङ्परिभ्यो रमः।
1.3.83 Vyāṅparibhyo ramaḥ|
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१.३.८४ उपाच्च।
1.3.84 Upācca|
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१.३.८५ विभाषाऽकर्मकात्।
1.3.85 Vibhāṣā'karmakāt|
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१.३.८६ बुधयुधनशजनेङ्प्रुद्रुस्रुभ्यो णेः।
1.3.86 Budhayudhanaśajaneṅprudrusrubhyo ṇeḥ|
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१.३.८७ निगरणचलनार्थेभ्यः।
1.3.87 Nigaraṇacalanārthebhyaḥ|
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१.३.८८ अणावकर्मकाच्चित्तवत्कर्तृकात्।
1.3.88 Aṇāvakarmakāccittavatkartṛkāt|
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१.३.८९ न पादम्याङ्यमाङ्यसपरिमुहरुचिनृतिवदवसः।
1.3.89 Na pādamyāṅyamāṅyasaparimuharucinṛtivadavasaḥ|
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१.३.९० वा क्यषः।
1.3.90 Vā kyaṣaḥ|
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Aphorisms 91-93
१.३.९१ द्युद्भ्यो लुङि।
1.3.91 Dyudbhyo luṅi|
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१.३.९२ वृद्भ्यः स्यसनोः।
1.3.92 Vṛdbhyaḥ syasanoḥ|
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१.३.९३ लुटि च कॢपः।
1.3.93 Luṭi ca kḷpaḥ|
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EXPLANATION IS IN PROGRESS WITH NO POLISHING YET
Further Information
This document was conceived by Gabriel Pradīpaka, one of the two founders of this site, and spiritual guru conversant with Sanskrit language and Trika philosophy.
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