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अष्टाध्यायी - व्याख्या
अध्याय ५ - उपध्याय १
Introduction
This is the fifth chapter/first subchapter out of eight chapters/thirty-two subchapters अष्टाध्यायी consists of.
This work was written by the greatest Sanskrit grammarian of all time: Pāṇini, who lived about 500BCE in India.
This अष्टाध्यायी contains the entire set of rules controlling Sanskrit grammar. It is required reading for all Sanskrit scholars and also for those who want to go deep at Sanskrit grammar.
Now read अष्टाध्यायी and experience Supreme Delight.
Important: All that is in brackets and italicized within the translation has been added by me in order to complete the sense of a particular phrase or sentence. In turn, all that is between double hyphen (--...--) constitutes clarifying further information also added by me.
Aphorisms 1-10
५.१.१ प्राक् क्रीताच्छः।
5.1.1 Prāk krītācchaḥ|
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५.१.२ उगवादिभ्योऽत्।
5.1.2 Ugavādibhyo't|
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५.१.३ कम्बलाच्च सञ्ज्ञायाम्।
5.1.3 Kambalācca sañjñāyām|
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५.१.४ विभाषा हविरपूपादिभ्यः।
5.1.4 Vibhāṣā havirapūpādibhyaḥ|
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५.१.५ तस्मै हितम्।
5.1.5 Tasmai hitam|
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५.१.६ शरीरावयवाद्यत्।
5.1.6 Śarīrāvayavādyat|
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५.१.७ खलयवमाषतिलवृषब्रह्मणश्च।
5.1.7 Khalayavamāṣatilavṛṣabrahmaṇaśca|
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५.१.८ अजाविभ्यां थ्यन्।
5.1.8 Ajāvibhyāṁ thyan|
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५.१.९ आत्मन्विश्वजनभोगोत्तरपदात्खः।
5.1.9 Ātmanviśvajanabhogottarapadātkhaḥ|
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५.१.१० सर्वपुरुषाभ्यां णढञौ।
5.1.10 Sarvapuruṣābhyāṁ ṇaḍhañau|
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Aphorisms 11-20
५.१.११ माणवचरकाभ्यां खञ्।
5.1.11 Māṇavacarakābhyāṁ khañ|
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५.१.१२ तदर्थं विकृतेः प्रकृतौ।
5.1.12 Tadarthaṁ vikṛteḥ prakṛtau|
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५.१.१३ छदिरुपधिबलेः ढञ्।
5.1.13 Chadirupadhibaleḥ ḍhañ|
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५.१.१४ ऋषभोपानहोर्ञ्यः।
5.1.14 Ṛṣabhopānahorñyaḥ|
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५.१.१५ चर्म्मणोऽञ्।
5.1.15 Carmmaṇo'ñ|
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५.१.१६ तदस्य तदस्मिन् स्यादिति।
5.1.16 Tadasya tadasmin syāditi|
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५.१.१७ परिखाया ढञ्।
5.1.17 Parikhāyā ḍhañ|
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५.१.१८ प्राग्वतेष्ठञ्।
5.1.18 Prāgvateṣṭhañ|
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५.१.१९ आर्हादगोपुच्छसङ्ख्यापरिमाणाट्ठक्।
5.1.19 Ārhādagopucchasaṅkhyāparimāṇāṭṭhak|
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५.१.२० असमासे निष्कादिभ्यः।
5.1.20 Asamāse niṣkādibhyaḥ|
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Aphorisms 21-30
५.१.२१ शताच्च ठन्यतावशते।
5.1.21 Śatācca ṭhanyatāvaśate|
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५.१.२२ सङ्ख्याया अतिशदन्तायाः कन्।
5.1.22 Saṅkhyāyā atiśadantāyāḥ kan|
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५.१.२३ वतोरिड्वा।
5.1.23 Vatoriḍvā|
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५.१.२४ विंशतित्रिंशद्भ्यां ड्वुन्नसञ्ज्ञायाम्।
5.1.24 Viṁśatitriṁśadbhyāṁ ḍvunnasañjñāyām|
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५.१.२५ कंसाट्टिठन्।
5.1.25 Kaṁsāṭṭiṭhan|
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५.१.२६ शूर्पादञन्यतरस्याम्।
5.1.26 Śūrpādañanyatarasyām|
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५.१.२७ शतमानविंशतिकसहस्रवसनादण्।
5.1.27 Śatamānaviṁśatikasahasravasanādaṇ|
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५.१.२८ अध्यर्धपूर्वद्विगोर्लुगसञ्ज्ञायाम्।
5.1.28 Adhyardhapūrvadvigorlugasañjñāyām|
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५.१.२९ विभाषा कार्षापणसहस्राभ्याम्।
5.1.29 Vibhāṣā kārṣāpaṇasahasrābhyām|
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५.१.३० द्वित्रिपूर्वान्निष्कात्।
5.1.30 Dvitripūrvānniṣkāt|
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Aphorisms 31-40
५.१.३१ बिस्ताच्च।
5.1.31 Bistācca|
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५.१.३२ विंशतिकात् खः।
5.1.32 Viṁśatikāt khaḥ|
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५.१.३३ खार्या ईकन्।
5.1.33 Khāryā īkan|
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५.१.३४ पणपादमाषशतादत्।
5.1.34 Paṇapādamāṣaśatādat|
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५.१.३५ शाणाद्वा।
5.1.35 Śāṇādvā|
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५.१.३६ द्वित्रिपूर्वादण् च।
5.1.36 Dvitripūrvādaṇ ca|
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५.१.३७ तेन क्रीतम्।
5.1.37 Tena krītam|
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५.१.३८ तस्य निमित्तं संयोगोत्पातौ।
5.1.38 Tasya nimittaṁ saṁyogotpātau|
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५.१.३९ गोद्व्यचोरसङ्ख्यापरिमाणाश्वादेर्यत्।
5.1.39 Godvyacorasaṅkhyāparimāṇāśvāderyat|
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५.१.४० पुत्राच्छ च।
5.1.40 Putrāccha ca|
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Aphorisms 41-50
५.१.४१ सर्वभूमिपृथिवीभ्यामणञौ।
5.1.41 Sarvabhūmipṛthivībhyāmaṇañau|
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५.१.४२ तस्येश्वरः।
5.1.42 Tasyeśvaraḥ|
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५.१.४३ तत्र विदित इति च।
5.1.43 Tatra vidita iti ca|
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५.१.४४ लोकसर्वलोकाट्ठञ्।
5.1.44 Lokasarvalokāṭṭhañ|
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५.१.४५ तस्य वापः।
5.1.45 Tasya vāpaḥ|
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५.१.४६ पात्रात् ष्ठन्।
5.1.46 Pātrāt ṣṭhan|
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५.१.४७ तदस्मिन् वृद्ध्यायलाभशुल्कोपदा दीयते।
5.1.47 Tadasmin vṛddhyāyalābhaśulkopadā dīyate|
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५.१.४८ पूरणार्धाट्ठन्।
5.1.48 Pūraṇārdhāṭṭhan|
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५.१.४९ भागाद्यच्च।
5.1.49 Bhāgādyacca|
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५.१.५० तद्धरति वहत्यावहति भाराद्वंशादिभ्यः।
5.1.50 Taddharati vahatyāvahati bhārādvaṁśādibhyaḥ|
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Aphorisms 51-60
५.१.५१ वस्नद्रव्याभ्यां ठन्कनौ।
5.1.51 Vasnadravyābhyāṁ ṭhankanau|
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५.१.५२ सम्भवत्यवहरति पचति।
5.1.52 Sambhavatyavaharati pacati|
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५.१.५३ आढकाचितपात्रात् खोऽन्यतरयाम्।
5.1.53 Āḍhakācitapātrāt kho'nyatarayām|
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५.१.५४ द्विगोष्ठंश्च।
5.1.54 Dvigoṣṭhaṁśca|
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५.१.५५ कुलिजाल्लुक्खौ च।
5.1.55 Kulijāllukkhau ca|
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५.१.५६ सोऽस्यांशवस्नभृतयः।
5.1.56 So'syāṁśavasnabhṛtayaḥ|
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५.१.५७ तदस्य परिमाणम्।
5.1.57 Tadasya parimāṇam|
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५.१.५८ सङ्ख्यायाः सञ्ज्ञासङ्घसूत्राध्ययनेषु।
5.1.58 Saṅkhyāyāḥ sañjñāsaṅghasūtrādhyayaneṣu|
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५.१.५९ पङ्क्तिविंशतित्रिंशत्चत्वारिंशत्पञ्चाशत्षष्टिसप्तत्यशीतिनवतिशतम्।
5.1.59 Paṅktiviṁśatitriṁśatcatvāriṁśatpañcāśatṣaṣṭisaptatyaśītinavatiśatam|
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५.१.६० पञ्चद्दशतौ वर्गे वा।
5.1.60 Pañcaddaśatau varge vā|
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Aphorisms 61-70
५.१.६१ सप्तनोऽञ् छन्दसि।
5.1.61 Saptano'ñ chandasi|
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५.१.६२ त्रिंशच्चत्वारिंशतोर्ब्राह्मणे सञ्ज्ञायां डण्।
5.1.62 Triṁśaccatvāriṁśatorbrāhmaṇe sañjñāyāṁ ḍaṇ|
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५.१.६३ तद् अर्हति।
5.1.63 Tad Arhati|
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५.१.६४ छेदादिभ्यो नित्यम्।
5.1.64 Chedādibhyo nityam|
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५.१.६५ शीर्षच्छेदाद्यच्च।
5.1.65 Śīrṣacchedādyacca|
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५.१.६६ दण्डादिभ्यः।
5.1.66 Daṇḍādibhyaḥ|
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५.१.६७ छन्दसि च।
5.1.67 Chandasi ca|
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५.१.६८ पात्राद्घंश्च।
5.1.68 Pātrādghaṁśca|
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५.१.६९ कडङ्गरदक्षिणाच्छ च।
5.1.69 Kaḍaṅgaradakṣiṇāccha ca|
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५.१.७० स्थालीबिलात्।
5.1.70 Sthālībilāt|
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Aphorisms 71-80
५.१.७१ यज्ञर्त्विग्भ्यां घखञौ।
5.1.71 Yajñartvigbhyāṁ ghakhañau|
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५.१.७२ पारायणतुरायणचान्द्रायणं वर्तयति।
5.1.72 Pārāyaṇaturāyaṇacāndrāyaṇaṁ vartayati|
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५.१.७३ संशयमापन्नः।
5.1.73 Saṁśayamāpannaḥ|
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५.१.७४ योजनं गच्छति।
5.1.74 Yojanaṁ gacchati|
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५.१.७५ पथः ष्कन्।
5.1.75 Pathaḥ ṣkan|
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५.१.७६ पन्थो ण नित्यम्।
5.1.76 Pantho ṇa nityam|
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५.१.७७ उत्तरपथेनाहृतं च।
5.1.77 Uttarapathenāhṛtaṁ ca|
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५.१.७८ कालात्।
5.1.78 Kālāt|
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५.१.७९ तेन निर्वृत्तम्।
5.1.79 Tena nirvṛttam|
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५.१.८० तमधीष्टो भृतो भूतो भावी।
5.1.80 Tamadhīṣṭo bhṛto bhūto bhāvī|
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Aphorisms 81-90
५.१.८१ मासाद्वयसि यत्खञौ।
5.1.81 Māsādvayasi yatkhañau|
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५.१.८२ द्विगोर्यप्।
5.1.82 Dvigoryap|
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५.१.८३ षण्मासाण्ण्यच्च।
5.1.83 Ṣaṇmāsāṇṇyacca|
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५.१.८४ अवयसि ठंश्च।
5.1.84 Avayasi ṭhaṁśca|
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५.१.८५ समायाः खः।
5.1.85 Samāyāḥ khaḥ|
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५.१.८६ द्विगोर्वा।
5.1.86 Dvigorvā|
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५.१.८७ रात्र्यहस्संवत्सराच्च।
5.1.87 Rātryahassaṁvatsarācca|
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५.१.८८ वर्षाल्लुक् च।
5.1.88 Varṣālluk ca|
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५.१.८९ चित्तवति नित्यम्।
5.1.89 Cittavati nityam|
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५.१.९० षष्टिकाः षष्टिरात्रेण पच्यन्ते।
5.1.90 Ṣaṣṭikāḥ ṣaṣṭirātreṇa pacyante|
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Aphorisms 91-100
५.१.९१ वत्सरान्ताच्छश्छन्दसि।
5.1.91 Vatsarāntācchaśchandasi|
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५.१.९२ सम्परिपूर्वात् ख च।
5.1.92 Samparipūrvāt kha ca|
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५.१.९३ तेन परिजय्यलभ्यकार्यसुकरम्।
5.1.93 Tena parijayyalabhyakāryasukaram|
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५.१.९४ तदस्य ब्रह्मचर्यम्।
5.1.94 Tadasya brahmacaryam|
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५.१.९५ तस्य च दक्षिणा यज्ञाख्येभ्यः।
5.1.95 Tasya ca dakṣiṇā yajñākhyebhyaḥ|
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५.१.९६ तत्र च दीयते कार्यं भववत्।
5.1.96 Tatra ca dīyate kāryaṁ bhavavat|
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५.१.९७ व्युष्टादिभ्योऽण्।
5.1.97 Vyuṣṭādibhyo'ṇ|
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५.१.९८ तेन यथाकथाचहस्ताभ्यां णयतौ।
5.1.98 Tena yathākathācahastābhyāṁ ṇayatau|
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५.१.९९ सम्पादिनि।
5.1.99 Sampādini|
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५.१.१०० कर्मवेषाद्यत्।
5.1.100 Karmaveṣādyat|
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Aphorisms 101-110
५.१.१०१ तस्मै प्रभवति सन्तापादिभ्यः।
5.1.101 Tasmai prabhavati santāpādibhyaḥ|
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५.१.१०२ योगाद्यच्च।
5.1.102 Yogādyacca|
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५.१.१०३ कर्मण उकञ्।
5.1.103 Karmaṇa ukañ|
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५.१.१०४ समयस्तदस्य प्राप्तम्।
5.1.104 Samayastadasya prāptam|
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५.१.१०५ ऋतोरण्।
5.1.105 Ṛtoraṇ|
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५.१.१०६ छन्दसि घस्।
5.1.106 Chandasi ghas|
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५.१.१०७ कालाद्यत्।
5.1.107 Kālādyat|
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५.१.१०८ प्रकृष्टे ठञ्।
5.1.108 Prakṛṣṭe ṭhañ|
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५.१.१०९ प्रयोजनम्।
5.1.109 Prayojanam|
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५.१.११० विशाखाऽऽषाढादण् मन्थदण्डयोः।
5.1.110 Viśākhā''ṣāḍhādaṇ manthadaṇḍayoḥ|
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Aphorisms 111-120
५.१.१११ अनुप्रवचनादिभ्यश्छः।
5.1.111 Anupravacanādibhyaśchaḥ|
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५.१.११२ समापनात् सपूर्वपदात्।
5.1.112 Samāpanāt sapūrvapadāt|
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५.१.११३ ऐकागारिकट् चौरे।
5.1.113 Aikāgārikaṭ caure|
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५.१.११४ आकालिकडाद्यन्तवचने।
5.1.114 Ākālikaḍādyantavacane|
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५.१.११५ तेन तुल्यं क्रिया चेद्वतिः।
5.1.115 Tena tulyaṁ kriyā cedvatiḥ|
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५.१.११६ तत्र तस्येव।
5.1.116 Tatra tasyeva|
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५.१.११७ तदर्हम्।
5.1.117 Tadarham|
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५.१.११८ उपसर्गाच्छन्दसि धात्वर्थे।
5.1.118 Upasargācchandasi dhātvarthe|
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५.१.११९ तस्य भावस्त्वतलौ।
5.1.119 Tasya bhāvastvatalau|
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५.१.१२० आ च त्वात्।
5.1.120 Ā ca tvāt|
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Aphorisms 121-130
५.१.१२१ न नञ्पूर्वात्तत्पुरुषादचतुरसङ्गतलवणवटयुधकतरसलसेभ्यः।
5.1.121 Na nañpūrvāttatpuruṣādacaturasaṅgatalavaṇavaṭayudhakatarasalasebhyaḥ|
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५.१.१२२ पृथ्वादिभ्य इमनिज्वा।
5.1.122 Pṛthvādibhya imanijvā|
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५.१.१२३ वर्णदृढादिभ्यः ष्यञ् च।
5.1.123 Varṇadṛḍhādibhyaḥ ṣyañ ca|
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५.१.१२४ गुणवचनब्राह्मणादिभ्यः कर्मणि च।
5.1.124 Guṇavacanabrāhmaṇādibhyaḥ karmaṇi ca|
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५.१.१२५ स्तेनाद्यन्नलोपश्च।
5.1.125 Stenādyannalopaśca|
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५.१.१२६ सख्युर्यः।
5.1.126 Sakhyuryaḥ|
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५.१.१२७ कपिज्ञात्योर्ढक्।
5.1.127 Kapijñātyorḍhak|
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५.१.१२८ पत्यन्तपुरोहितादिभ्यो यक्।
5.1.128 Patyantapurohitādibhyo yak|
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५.१.१२९ प्राणभृज्जातिवयोवचनोद्गात्रादिभ्योऽञ्।
5.1.129 Prāṇabhṛjjātivayovacanodgātrādibhyo'ñ|
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५.१.१३० हायनान्तयुवादिभ्योऽण्।
5.1.130 Hāyanāntayuvādibhyo'ṇ|
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Aphorisms 131-136
५.१.१३१ इगन्ताच्च लघुपूर्वात्।
5.1.131 Igantācca laghupūrvāt|
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५.१.१३२ योपधाद्गुरूपोत्तमाद्वुञ्।
5.1.132 Yopadhādgurūpottamādvuñ|
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५.१.१३३ द्वन्द्वमनोज्ञादिभ्यश्च।
5.1.133 Dvandvamanojñādibhyaśca|
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५.१.१३४ गोत्रचरणाच्श्लाघाऽत्याकारतदवेतेषु।
5.1.134 Gotracaraṇācślāghā'tyākāratadaveteṣu|
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५.१.१३५ होत्राभ्यश्छः।
5.1.135 Hotrābhyaśchaḥ|
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५.१.१३६ ब्रह्मणस्त्वः।
5.1.136 Brahmaṇastvaḥ|
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EXPLANATION IS IN PROGRESS WITH NO POLISHING YET
Further Information
This document was conceived by Gabriel Pradīpaka, one of the two founders of this site, and spiritual guru conversant with Sanskrit language and Trika philosophy.
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